圖1 GPCR的結(jié)構(gòu)[1]
人GPCR家族根據(jù)其氨基酸序列分為A類(視紫紅質(zhì))、B類(促胰液素和粘附)、C類(谷氨酸)和F類(卷曲)亞家族。
圖2 GPCR分類[2]
圖3 GPCR信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路[3]
以GPCR為靶點(diǎn)的藥物研發(fā)現(xiàn)狀
GPCR與G蛋白亞單位結(jié)合,觸發(fā)各種第二信使的生成,調(diào)節(jié)涵蓋生理功能和病理狀況的各個方面,這些病理狀況包括代謝綜合征、肥胖、糖尿病、NAFLD等。由于其表面可及性和特定的信號傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制,GPCRs被視為“可成藥基因組”中最大的靶點(diǎn)類別。其中,靶向A類的GPCRs成藥靶點(diǎn)最多,其次是B類。據(jù)報道,目前批準(zhǔn)的藥物中近40%是它們的激動劑或拮抗劑。
圖4 GPCR藥物治療領(lǐng)域[4]
hCCR8(v2) (NM-HU-2000054) 研究案例
Fig2. Efficacy study of PF06882961 in hGLP1R mice. PF06882961 has shown significant effect in hGLP1R mice in OGTT study, but no effect in C57BL/6 mice.
Fig4. Detection of human GLP-1R expression in HO hGLP-1R knockin mice by IHC. Pancreas, salivary gland, colon, heart, lung, brian, stomach and duodenum were collected from homozygous hGLP-1R mice (HO/HO), and analyzed by IHC with anti-human GLP-1R antibody. Human GLP-1R is specifically expressed in islets of the pancreas. Abbr. HO/HO, homozygous.
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Reference:
[1] Schneider J, Korshunova K, Musiani F, Alfonso-Prieto M, Giorgetti A, Carloni P. Predicting ligand binding poses for low-resolution membrane protein models: Perspectives from multiscale simulations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;498(2):366-374. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.160
[2] Hutchings CJ. A review of antibody-based therapeutics targeting G protein-coupled receptors: an update. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2020;20(8):925-935. doi:10.1080/14712598.2020.1745770
[3] Zhang M, Chen T, Lu X, Lan X, Chen Z, Lu S. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs): advances in structures, mechanisms, and drug discovery. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024;9(1):88. Published 2024 Apr 10. doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01803-6
[4] Hutchings CJ. A review of antibody-based therapeutics targeting G protein-coupled receptors: an update. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2020;20(8):925-935. doi:10.1080/14712598.2020.1745770
[5] Yang D, Zhou Q, Labroska V, et al. G protein-coupled receptors: structure- and function-based drug discovery. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021;6(1):7. Published 2021 Jan 8. doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00435-w
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上海南方模式生物科技股份有限公司(Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc.,簡稱"南模生物"),成立于2000年9月,是一家上交所科創(chuàng)板上市高科技生物公司(股票代碼:688265),始終以編輯基因、解碼生命為己任,專注于模式生物領(lǐng)域,打造了以基因修飾動物模型研發(fā)為核心,涵蓋多物種模型構(gòu)建、飼養(yǎng)繁育、表型分析、藥物臨床前評價等多個技術(shù)平臺,致力于為全球高校、科研院所、制藥企業(yè)等客戶提供全方位、一體化的基因修飾動物模型產(chǎn)品解決方案。